NOUNS

                                                                     NOUNS

                                                              Lecture on Nouns

1.1 Introduction Nouns are naming words. Every language has its own set of nouns and the list is open-ended i.e. newer nouns one added to the older ones with the changing times.                                        1.2 Definition of Nouns A Noun is the name of a person, place, or thing. A thing includes a quality (fear) a material (gold), a collection (herd, army), a state (adherence) and an action (cheat, mock, movement)                                                                                                                                                1.3 Noun and Noun Phrase A noun is often called a' noun phrase. A noun phrase can be a single-word noun: Teachers love their pupils. (noun phrase: teacher) But a noun phrase is usually longer than a single word because it consists of an adjective or a determiner plus a noun. A good teacher loves his pupils. (noun phrase: a good teacher)                                                                                                       1.4 Kinds of Nouns Nouns can be classified into five kinds:

 1. Proper nouns

 2. Common nouns

 3. Collective nouns

 4. Material nouns

 5. Abstract nouns 

1.4.1 Proper nouns A proper noun is the name of a particular person or thing, i.e. a name used for an individual person or place, river, or mountain, etc.: Mary, Rahul, Godavari, India, Everest 

1.4.2 Common nouns A common noun refers to any and every person or thing of the same kind or class, not to a particular person or thing: cow, dog, girl, boy, man, woman Common nouns Proper nouns Girl Lata Dog Rover man Aslam 

1.4.3 Collective nouns A collective noun is the name of a collection, group of people or things of the same kind: class, team, government, jury, federation, etc.

                       Collective Nouns For Animals what do you call a group of hippos?

 1. shrewdness of apes

 2. army/column/state/swarm of ants

 3. herd/pace of asses

 4. sloth of bears

 5. cluster/swarm/drift/hive/erst of bees

 6. flock/flight/pod of birds 

 7. herd/gang/obstinancy of buffalo 

 8. drove of bullocks 

 9. caravan/flock of camels 

 10. herd/drove of cattle 

 11. brood/clutch/peep of chickens

 12. bask of crocodiles

 13. clan/hover/murder of crows

 14. litter of cubs

 15. herd/mob of deer 

 16. cowardice/pack/kennel of dogs

 17. pod/school of dolphins 

 18. flight/dole/piteousness/prettying of doves 

 19. paddling of ducks (on water) 

 20. safe of ducks (on land)

 21. herd/parade of elephants

 22. shoal/run of fish

 23. corps/herd/troop/kaleidoscope of giraffes

 24. flock/herd/trip of goats

 25. a band of gorillas

 26. cloud of grasshoppers

 27. bloat/pod of hippos

 28. drove/string/stud/team of horses

 29. pack/cry/kennel of hounds

 30. flight/swarm of insects

 31. kindle/litter of kittens 

 32. flock/pride/sawt/souse/troop of lions

 33. troop of monkeys 

 34. parliament/stare of owls 

 35. yoke of oxen

 36. pandemonium of parrots

 37. covey of partridges

 38. muster of peacocks 

 39. muster/parcel/rookery of penguins

 40. litter/herd of pigs

 41. litter of pups 

 42. colony/school/herd/pod/gam of whales

 43. company/trip of wigeon

 44. a sounder of wild boar

 45. dout/destruction of wild cats

 46. team of wild ducks (in flight)

 47. bunch/trip/plump/knob of wildfowl 

 48. pack/rout of wolves

 49. covey/fall/flight/plump of woodcock 

 50. descent of woodpeckers 

 51. herd of wrens 

 52. zeal of zebras

  Collective Nouns for Things 

 1. A bar of soap 

 2. A battery of tests 

 3. A bolt of lightning 

 4. A bunch of books

 5. A bunch of keys 

 6. A chest of drawers 

 7. A clump of reeds

 8. A deck of cards

 9. A fleet of ships 

 10. A fleet of vehicles 

 11. A flight of stairs 

 12. A gallon of gasoline

 13. A group of islands 

 14. A grove of trees 

 15. A hedge of bushes 

 16. A library of books 

 17. A pack of cards

 18. A pair of shoes 

 19. A piece of furniture

 20. A piece of paper 

 21. A quiver of arrows 

 22. A ream of paper

 23. A roll of film/cloth

 24. A series of events

 25. A set of books

 26. A set of tools 

 27. A sheaf of notes/papers/arrows/corn 

 28. A shelf of books

 29. A stack of chairs

 30. A string of beads

 31. A suite of furniture

 32. A suite of rooms

 33. A tube of toothpaste 

 34. A wad of notes

 35. An agenda of tasks 

 36. An album of stamps/autographs/photographs

  Collective Nouns for people 

 1. A board of directors

 2. A body of men

 3. A bunch of crooks

 4. A caravan of gypsies

 5. A choir of singers

 6. A company of actors

 7. A crew of sailors

 8. A gang of prisoners

 9. A group of dancers

 10. A horde of savages 

 11. A line of kings

 12. A mob of rioters 

 13. A pack of thieves

 14. A party of Friends

 15. A patrol of policemen 

 16. A posse of policemen

 17. A staff of employees

 18. A team of players 

 19. A tribe of natives 

 20. A troop of scouts

 21. A troupe of artists

 22. An illusion of magicians

 23. A tribe of Arabs 

 24. A host of angels 

 25. A crowd of people

 26. A gang of thieves 

 27. A bench of magistrates

  1.4.4 Material nouns A material noun is the name of a material, substance, or ingredient things are made of. They can be articles of food or drink as well: iron, copper, steel, gold, coal, silver, rice, wheat, milk, water, tea, sugar, etc. Note: A material noun is a type of common noun but a distinction is made between the two. A common noun is usually a countable noun but a material noun is an uncountable noun. The cow gives us milk. The cow is a common noun (countable), but milk is a material noun (uncountable).

  1.4.5 Abstract nouns An abstract noun is the name of a quality, state, or concept: beauty, sweetness, childhood, love, etc. Abstract nouns can be formed from adjectives, verbs, and common nouns Abstract Nouns from Adjectives

Adjective                   Abstract Noun            Adjective               AbstractNoun

 Brave                         Bravery                        Honest                   Honesty

 Dark                          Darkness                      Kind                       Kindness

 Deep                         Depth                            Long                      Length 

 False                         Falsehood                     Short                      Shortage

 Great                        Greatness                      True                       Truth                                                   High                         Height                           Wide                      Width

  Abstract Nouns from Common Noun

Common Noun        Abstract Noun          Common Noun          Abstract Noun

Agent                        Agency                       Hero                            Heroism 

 Boy                          Boyhood                     King                            Kingship

 Child                       Childhood                   Mother                         Motherhood

 Friend                      Friendship                  Priest                            Priesthood     

Abstract Nouns from Verbs

Verb                        Abstract Noun            Verb                           Abstract Noun

Admit                      Admission                   Enter                           Entrance 

 Agree                      Agreement                   Fail                              Failure

 Behave                   Behaviour                    Grow                           Growth           

Believe                    Belief                          Obey                           Obedience

 Die                         Death                           Think                           Thought

                                    Practice Time 

Q1. Classify the following Nouns and put them in the table:

Kamal, Vinod, Vidyasagar, father, mother, boy, girl, Solomon, postman, carpenter, hawker, Ramayan, Mahabharat, gold, silver, iron, army, class, crowd, fruit, player, club, bundle, stick, place, truth, wisdom, shoes, chair, table, ruler, strength, unity. 

 Proper Noun       Common Noun            Collective Noun          Material Noun            Abstract Noun

Q2. Form Abstract Nouns from the following Adjectives:

 Lazy,       long,       true,       free,       poor,       cruel,       strong,       false,       proud,        wise,       young,       wide,       good,       novel,       human, decent,       broad,        dark,        modest,        just brave,       high,       deep,       vacant,       similar,       bitter,       short,        prudent,       sweet,       ignorant 

Q3. Form Abstract Noun from the following Verbs:

 Live,       act,       choose,       die,       see,      obey,       hate,       move,        think,       clean,        laugh,       serve,       seize,        advice,       judge,       know,       starve,       flatter,       defend,       protect,        relieve,        excel,         believe,        conceal,       punish,        converse,        expect,       occupy,        preserve,        succeed,        discover.

 Q4. Form Abstract Nouns from the following Common Noun:

Boy,       infant,        author,        bond,        friend,        man,        woman,       mother,        priest,        enemy,         child,        owner,        agent,        pirate,         capital,         king,        rogue,        hero,        pilgrim,         patriot,        thief,        regent,         beggar,        coward,       bankrupt.

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